FINITE ELEMENTS ANALYSIS OF STRESS PEAKS IN IMPLANTS WITH DIFFERENT LENGTHS
Resumen
Objetivo: este estudio se propuso evaluar, mediante el método de análisis de los elementos finitos, los valores de pico de tensión en los implantes con diferentes longitudes sometidos a carga axial y oblicua.
Métodos y materiales: a partir de una simulación virtual en tercera dimensión se modeló un implante de conexión hexagonal externa con longitudes de 5,5 mm, 10 mm, 18 mm. El ensayo fue realizado bajo aplicación de carga axial y oblicua de 60 N en la superficie oclusal de la corona protética - proveniente de una reconstrucción virtual de tomografía computarizada. La simulación fue analizada numérica y cualitativamente de acuerdo con las tensiones principales (tracción-compresión).
Resultados: los resultados mostraron que la carga oblicua induce mayores picos de tensión en comparación con la carga axial. Las tensiones se localizaron en las primeras roscas del implante y región periimplantar. El implante de menor longitud presentó mayor pico de tensión (100%). Los valores de pico de tensión disminuyen en promedio un 28,3% a medida que aumenta la longitud del implante de 5 a 18 mm y el 7,75% de 10 a 18 mm.
Conclusión: aunque los valores de pico de tensión disminuyen a medida que aumenta la longitud de 5,5 mm a 18mm; de 10 a 18mm los valores no tienen influencia porcentual en los picos de tensión.
[Villabona CA, Vasco MA, Orsi IA, Alandia-Róman CC, Cardoso AC, Bezzon OL. Finite elements analysis of stress peaks in implants with different lengths. Ustasalud 2015;14:13-18]
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