CARIES DE LA INFANCIA TEMPRANA
Palabras clave:
Caries de la infancia temprana, Prevención primaria
Resumen
La caries de la infancia temprana (ECC) es una enfermedad crónica común entre los niños, que puede desarrollarse tan pronto como los dientes erupcionan. Aunque su prevalencia es alta, es una enfermedad prevenible. A pesar de que el odontopediatra es el especialista cada vez más responsable de la promoción de la salud oral de los niños, son pocos los estudios científicos divulgados sobre este tema en las revistas especializadas. Se debe valorar tempranamente el riesgo de las mujeres embarazadas e infantes y enfocarse en la educación en salud oral durante la primera visita ya que los datos epidemiológicos revelan que el abordaje más efectivo para el control de esta entidad se basa en la prevención y no en el tratamiento restaurativo. El objetivo de este artículo es dar a conocer algunos aspectos importantes sobre la caries de la infancia temprana para establecer la forma de prevenirla.
[Riveros CM. Caries de la infancia temprana. Ustasalud Odontología 2008; 7: 49 - 54]
Referencias
1. Brodeur JM, Galarneau CH. The high incidence of early childhood caries in kindergarden age children. Journal de l’Ordre des dentistes du Québec - Supplement – April 2006: 3 - 5. [en línea] [fecha de acceso: octubre de 2007]. URL disponible en: http://www.ordredesdentistesduquebec.qc.ca/dossiers_sante/images/supplement_carie_en.pdf
2. Ribeiro NM, Ribeiro MA. Breastfeeding and early childhood caries: a critical review. J Pediatr (Rio J) 2004; 80: S199 - S210.
3. Pires AP, Mendes V. Caries prevalence and risk factors among children aged 0 to 36 months. Pesqui Odontol Bras 2002; 16: 203 - 208.
4. Harris R, Nicoll AD, Adair PM, Pine CM. Risk factors for dental caries in young children: a systematic review of the literature. Comm Dent Health. 2004; 21: S71 - S85.
5. Slavkin HC. Streptococcus mutans, early childhood caries and new opportunities. J Am Dent Assoc 1999; 130: 1787 – 1792.
6. Becker MR, Paster BJ, Leys EJ, Moeschberger ML, Kenyon SG, Galvin JL, Boches SK, Dewhirst FE, Griffen AL. Molecular analysis of bacterial species associated with childhood caries.J Clin Microbiol. 2002; 40: 1001 - 1009.
7. Li Y, Ge Y, Saxena D, Caufield PW. Genetic profiling of the oral microbiota associated with severe early-childhood caries. J Clin Microbiol. 2007; 45: 81 - 87.
8. Caufield PW, Cutter GR, Dasanayake AP. Initial acquisition of Mutans Streptococci by infants: evidence for a discrete window of infectivity. J Dent Res 1993; 72: 37 - 45.
9. Van AKL, Seon WK, Purdie DM, Bird PS, Walsh LJ, Tudehope DI. Oral colonization of Streptococcus mutans in six-month-old predentate infants. J. Dent Res 2001; 80: 2060 - 2065.
10. Martínez V, Villamizar AM, Duran RA, González JM, Colmenares LA, Rodríguez MJ, Flórez LT. Presencia de Streptococcus mutans antes de la erupción dental en niños que asisten a los centros de salud de los barrios Kennedy y Campo Hermoso de la ciudad de Bucaramanga. [Tesis de Grado]. Bucaramanga, Universidad Santo Tomás; 2007.
11. Karn TA, O’sullivan DM, Tinanoff N. Colonization of mutans streptococci in 8- to 15-month-old children. J Public Health 1998; 58: 248 – 249.
12. Berkowitz RJ. Acquisition and transmission of Mutans Streptococci. J Calif Dent Assoc 2003; 31: 135 - 138.
13. Palomari DM, Höfling JF, Pizolitto AC, Rosa EA, Negrini TC, Spolidorio LC. Genetic polymorphism of Streptococcus mutans in Brazilian family members. Brazilian J Microbiol 2003; 34: 213 - 217.
14. Gomes IM, Moreira R, Mazza ML, Saliba SA. Cárie precoce: influência de variáveis sócio-comportamentais e do locus de controle da saúde em um grupo de crianças de Araraquara, São Paulo, Brasil. Cad Saúde Pública, Rio de Janeiro 2006; 22: 1247 – 1256 [en línea] [fecha de acceso: octubre de 2007]. URL disponible en: http://www.scielo.br/pdf/csp/v22n6/14.pdf
15. Galarneau C, Brodeur JM, Gauvin L. The cariogenic nature of childhood bedtime rituals. Journal de l’Ordre des dentistes du Québec - Supplement - April 2006: 17 - 19. [en línea] [fecha de acceso: octubre de 2007]. URL disponible en: http://www.ordredesdentistesduquebec.qc.ca/dossiers_sante/images/supplement_carie_en.pdf
16. Julian M. Dietary recommendations for healthy teeth in Children. JODQ - Supplement - April 2006: 20 - 24. [en línea] [fecha de acceso: octubre de 2007]. URL disponible en: http://www.ordredesdentistesduquebec.qc.ca/dossiers_sante/images/supplement_carie_en.pdf
17. Kandelman D, Ouatik N. Prevention of Early Childhood Caries (ECC). JODQ - Supplement - April 2006: 9 – 13. [en línea] [fecha de acceso: octubre de 2007]. URL disponible en: http://www.ordredesdentistesduquebec.qc.ca/dossiers_sante/imag
es/supplement_carie_en.pdf
18. Douglass JM, Douglass AB, Silk HJ. A practical guide to infant oral health. Am Fam Physician 2004; 70: 2113 - 2120.
19. Livny A, Assali R, Sgan-Cohen HD. Early childhood caries among a Bedouin community residing in the eastern outskirts of Jerusalem. BMC Public Health 2007; 7: 167.
20. Ekstrand KR, Christiansen M, Qvist V. Influence of different variables on the inter-municipality variation in caries experience in Danish adolescents. Caries Res 2003; 37: 130 - 141.
21. Van AKL, Seon WK, Purdie DM, Bird PS, Walsh LJ, Tudehope DL. A longitudinal study of Streptococcus mutans colonization in infants after tooth eruption. J Dent Res 2003; 20: 504 – 508.
22. Peressini S. Pacifier Use and early childhood caries: an evidence - based study of the literature. J Can Dent Assoc 2003; 69 : 16 – 19
23. López NL, Smit PC, Gutierres J. Higher risk of preterm birth and low birth weight in women with periodontal disease. J Dent Res 2002; 81: 58 - 63.
24. Offenbacher S, Katz V, Fertik G. Periodontal infection as a possible risk factor for preterm low birth weight. J Periodontol 1996; 67: 1103 - 1113.
25. Dasanayake AP. Poor periodontal health of the pregnant woman as a risk factor for low birth weight. Ann Periodontol. 1998; 3: 206 - 212.
26. Offenbacher S, Jared HL, O´Reilly PG. Potential pathogenic mechanisms of periodontitis associated pregnancy complications. Ann Periodontol 1998; 3: 233 - 250.
27. López NJ, Smith PC, Gutierrez J. Periodontal therapy may reduce the risk of preterm low birth weight in women with periodontal disease: A randomized controlled trial. J Periodontol 2002; 73: 911 - 924.
28. Sameer AM, Ghadeer NM. The Prevalence and relationship between periodontal disease and pre-term low birth weight infants at King Khalid University Hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. J Contemp Dent Pract 2004; 5: 40 - 56.
29. Diaz GL, Castellanos SJ. Lesions of the oral mucosa and periodontal disease behavior in pregnant patients. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 2002; 9: 430 - 437.
30. Yeo BK, Lim LP, Paquette DW, Williams RC. Periodontal disease – The emergence of a risk for systemic conditions: pre-term low birth weight. Ann Acad Med Singapore 2005; 34: 111 - 116.
31. Devenport ES, Williams CE, Sterne JA, Murad S, Sivapathasundram V, Curtis MA. Maternal periodontal disease and preterm low birth weight: case-control study. J Dent Res 2002; 81: 313 - 318.
32. Louro MP, Fiori HH, Louro FP, Steibel J, Fiori MR. Periodontal disease in pregnancy and low birth weight. J Pediatr (Rio J) 2001; 77: 23 - 28.
33. Felice P, Pelliccioni Ga, Checchi L. Periodontal disease as a risk factor in pregnancy. Minerva Stomatol 2005; 54: 255 - 264.
34. Löe H, Silness J. Periodontal Disease in pregnancy. I. Prevalence and Severity. Acta Odontol Scand. 1963; 21: 533 - 551.
35. Jarjoura K, Devine PC, Perez-Delboy A, Herrera-Abreu M, D’alton M, Papanou PN. Markers of periodontal infection and preterm birth. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2005; 192: 513 – 519.
36. Goepfert AR, Jeffcoat MK, Andrews WW, Faye-Petersen O, Cliver SP, Goldenberg RL, Hauth JC. Periodontal disease and upper genital tract inflammation in early spontaneous preterm birth. Obstet Gynecol 2004; 104: 777 – 783.
37. Isokangas P, Soderling E, Pienihakkinen K, Alanen P. Occurrence of dental decay in children after maternal consumption of xylitol chewing gum, a follow-up from 0-5 years of age. J Dent Res 2000; 79: 1885 - 1889.
38. Pilonieta G, Torres EA. Implicaciones de la lactancia materna en odontopediatría. Medunab 2003; 6: 89 – 92.
39. Charchut SW, Allred EN, Needleman HL. The effects on infant feeding patterns on the occlusion of the primary dentition. J Dent Child 2003; 70: 3.
40. Chung MH, Kaste LM, Koerber A, Fadavi S, Punwani I. Dental and medical students’ knowledge and opinions of infant oral Health. J Dent Educ 2006; 70: 511 - 517.
41. Rozier RG, Sutton BK, Bawden JW, Haupt K, Slade GD, King RS. Prevention of early childhood caries in North Carolina medical practices: Implications for research and practice. J Dent Educ 2003; 67: 876 - 885.
42. Vargas CM, Ronzio CR. Disparities in early childhood caries. BMC Oral Health 2006, 15: 6 (Suppl 1): S3.
43. Weinstein P, Harrison R, Benton T. Motivating mothers to prevent caries. Confirming the beneficial effect of counseling. JADA 2006; 137: 789 - 793.
44. American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry. Policy on early childhood caries (ECC): Classifications, consequences, and preventive strategies. URL disponible en: http://www.aapd.org/media/Policies_Guidelines/P_ECCClassifications.pdf
2. Ribeiro NM, Ribeiro MA. Breastfeeding and early childhood caries: a critical review. J Pediatr (Rio J) 2004; 80: S199 - S210.
3. Pires AP, Mendes V. Caries prevalence and risk factors among children aged 0 to 36 months. Pesqui Odontol Bras 2002; 16: 203 - 208.
4. Harris R, Nicoll AD, Adair PM, Pine CM. Risk factors for dental caries in young children: a systematic review of the literature. Comm Dent Health. 2004; 21: S71 - S85.
5. Slavkin HC. Streptococcus mutans, early childhood caries and new opportunities. J Am Dent Assoc 1999; 130: 1787 – 1792.
6. Becker MR, Paster BJ, Leys EJ, Moeschberger ML, Kenyon SG, Galvin JL, Boches SK, Dewhirst FE, Griffen AL. Molecular analysis of bacterial species associated with childhood caries.J Clin Microbiol. 2002; 40: 1001 - 1009.
7. Li Y, Ge Y, Saxena D, Caufield PW. Genetic profiling of the oral microbiota associated with severe early-childhood caries. J Clin Microbiol. 2007; 45: 81 - 87.
8. Caufield PW, Cutter GR, Dasanayake AP. Initial acquisition of Mutans Streptococci by infants: evidence for a discrete window of infectivity. J Dent Res 1993; 72: 37 - 45.
9. Van AKL, Seon WK, Purdie DM, Bird PS, Walsh LJ, Tudehope DI. Oral colonization of Streptococcus mutans in six-month-old predentate infants. J. Dent Res 2001; 80: 2060 - 2065.
10. Martínez V, Villamizar AM, Duran RA, González JM, Colmenares LA, Rodríguez MJ, Flórez LT. Presencia de Streptococcus mutans antes de la erupción dental en niños que asisten a los centros de salud de los barrios Kennedy y Campo Hermoso de la ciudad de Bucaramanga. [Tesis de Grado]. Bucaramanga, Universidad Santo Tomás; 2007.
11. Karn TA, O’sullivan DM, Tinanoff N. Colonization of mutans streptococci in 8- to 15-month-old children. J Public Health 1998; 58: 248 – 249.
12. Berkowitz RJ. Acquisition and transmission of Mutans Streptococci. J Calif Dent Assoc 2003; 31: 135 - 138.
13. Palomari DM, Höfling JF, Pizolitto AC, Rosa EA, Negrini TC, Spolidorio LC. Genetic polymorphism of Streptococcus mutans in Brazilian family members. Brazilian J Microbiol 2003; 34: 213 - 217.
14. Gomes IM, Moreira R, Mazza ML, Saliba SA. Cárie precoce: influência de variáveis sócio-comportamentais e do locus de controle da saúde em um grupo de crianças de Araraquara, São Paulo, Brasil. Cad Saúde Pública, Rio de Janeiro 2006; 22: 1247 – 1256 [en línea] [fecha de acceso: octubre de 2007]. URL disponible en: http://www.scielo.br/pdf/csp/v22n6/14.pdf
15. Galarneau C, Brodeur JM, Gauvin L. The cariogenic nature of childhood bedtime rituals. Journal de l’Ordre des dentistes du Québec - Supplement - April 2006: 17 - 19. [en línea] [fecha de acceso: octubre de 2007]. URL disponible en: http://www.ordredesdentistesduquebec.qc.ca/dossiers_sante/images/supplement_carie_en.pdf
16. Julian M. Dietary recommendations for healthy teeth in Children. JODQ - Supplement - April 2006: 20 - 24. [en línea] [fecha de acceso: octubre de 2007]. URL disponible en: http://www.ordredesdentistesduquebec.qc.ca/dossiers_sante/images/supplement_carie_en.pdf
17. Kandelman D, Ouatik N. Prevention of Early Childhood Caries (ECC). JODQ - Supplement - April 2006: 9 – 13. [en línea] [fecha de acceso: octubre de 2007]. URL disponible en: http://www.ordredesdentistesduquebec.qc.ca/dossiers_sante/imag
es/supplement_carie_en.pdf
18. Douglass JM, Douglass AB, Silk HJ. A practical guide to infant oral health. Am Fam Physician 2004; 70: 2113 - 2120.
19. Livny A, Assali R, Sgan-Cohen HD. Early childhood caries among a Bedouin community residing in the eastern outskirts of Jerusalem. BMC Public Health 2007; 7: 167.
20. Ekstrand KR, Christiansen M, Qvist V. Influence of different variables on the inter-municipality variation in caries experience in Danish adolescents. Caries Res 2003; 37: 130 - 141.
21. Van AKL, Seon WK, Purdie DM, Bird PS, Walsh LJ, Tudehope DL. A longitudinal study of Streptococcus mutans colonization in infants after tooth eruption. J Dent Res 2003; 20: 504 – 508.
22. Peressini S. Pacifier Use and early childhood caries: an evidence - based study of the literature. J Can Dent Assoc 2003; 69 : 16 – 19
23. López NL, Smit PC, Gutierres J. Higher risk of preterm birth and low birth weight in women with periodontal disease. J Dent Res 2002; 81: 58 - 63.
24. Offenbacher S, Katz V, Fertik G. Periodontal infection as a possible risk factor for preterm low birth weight. J Periodontol 1996; 67: 1103 - 1113.
25. Dasanayake AP. Poor periodontal health of the pregnant woman as a risk factor for low birth weight. Ann Periodontol. 1998; 3: 206 - 212.
26. Offenbacher S, Jared HL, O´Reilly PG. Potential pathogenic mechanisms of periodontitis associated pregnancy complications. Ann Periodontol 1998; 3: 233 - 250.
27. López NJ, Smith PC, Gutierrez J. Periodontal therapy may reduce the risk of preterm low birth weight in women with periodontal disease: A randomized controlled trial. J Periodontol 2002; 73: 911 - 924.
28. Sameer AM, Ghadeer NM. The Prevalence and relationship between periodontal disease and pre-term low birth weight infants at King Khalid University Hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. J Contemp Dent Pract 2004; 5: 40 - 56.
29. Diaz GL, Castellanos SJ. Lesions of the oral mucosa and periodontal disease behavior in pregnant patients. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 2002; 9: 430 - 437.
30. Yeo BK, Lim LP, Paquette DW, Williams RC. Periodontal disease – The emergence of a risk for systemic conditions: pre-term low birth weight. Ann Acad Med Singapore 2005; 34: 111 - 116.
31. Devenport ES, Williams CE, Sterne JA, Murad S, Sivapathasundram V, Curtis MA. Maternal periodontal disease and preterm low birth weight: case-control study. J Dent Res 2002; 81: 313 - 318.
32. Louro MP, Fiori HH, Louro FP, Steibel J, Fiori MR. Periodontal disease in pregnancy and low birth weight. J Pediatr (Rio J) 2001; 77: 23 - 28.
33. Felice P, Pelliccioni Ga, Checchi L. Periodontal disease as a risk factor in pregnancy. Minerva Stomatol 2005; 54: 255 - 264.
34. Löe H, Silness J. Periodontal Disease in pregnancy. I. Prevalence and Severity. Acta Odontol Scand. 1963; 21: 533 - 551.
35. Jarjoura K, Devine PC, Perez-Delboy A, Herrera-Abreu M, D’alton M, Papanou PN. Markers of periodontal infection and preterm birth. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2005; 192: 513 – 519.
36. Goepfert AR, Jeffcoat MK, Andrews WW, Faye-Petersen O, Cliver SP, Goldenberg RL, Hauth JC. Periodontal disease and upper genital tract inflammation in early spontaneous preterm birth. Obstet Gynecol 2004; 104: 777 – 783.
37. Isokangas P, Soderling E, Pienihakkinen K, Alanen P. Occurrence of dental decay in children after maternal consumption of xylitol chewing gum, a follow-up from 0-5 years of age. J Dent Res 2000; 79: 1885 - 1889.
38. Pilonieta G, Torres EA. Implicaciones de la lactancia materna en odontopediatría. Medunab 2003; 6: 89 – 92.
39. Charchut SW, Allred EN, Needleman HL. The effects on infant feeding patterns on the occlusion of the primary dentition. J Dent Child 2003; 70: 3.
40. Chung MH, Kaste LM, Koerber A, Fadavi S, Punwani I. Dental and medical students’ knowledge and opinions of infant oral Health. J Dent Educ 2006; 70: 511 - 517.
41. Rozier RG, Sutton BK, Bawden JW, Haupt K, Slade GD, King RS. Prevention of early childhood caries in North Carolina medical practices: Implications for research and practice. J Dent Educ 2003; 67: 876 - 885.
42. Vargas CM, Ronzio CR. Disparities in early childhood caries. BMC Oral Health 2006, 15: 6 (Suppl 1): S3.
43. Weinstein P, Harrison R, Benton T. Motivating mothers to prevent caries. Confirming the beneficial effect of counseling. JADA 2006; 137: 789 - 793.
44. American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry. Policy on early childhood caries (ECC): Classifications, consequences, and preventive strategies. URL disponible en: http://www.aapd.org/media/Policies_Guidelines/P_ECCClassifications.pdf
Publicado
2008-01-01
Cómo citar
Riveros Alejo, C. (2008). CARIES DE LA INFANCIA TEMPRANA. Ustasalud, 7(1), 49-54. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.15332/us.v7i1.1199
Número
Sección
Artículos de Revisión
