VASCULAR AND STRUCTURAL PULP CHANGES INDUCED BY ORTHODONTIC FORCES: A REVIEW
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15332/us.v4i1.1915Keywords:
Angiogenesis, Tooth movement, Pulpar flow, Pulpar vitalityAbstract
It is thought that, in occasions, the orthodontic forces produce alterations in the angiogenesis, structures and capillary pulpar flow. Nevertheless, it can be found reports of stimulation of the angiogenesis through the growth factors; structural changes due to fibrosis, apoptosis, pulpar degenerations and necrosis; vascular changes by a reduction in the sanguineous flow to pulpar, and changes in the trustworthiness of the sensitivity tests. The purpose of this article is to raise several questions on the structural and vascular pulpar changes induced by orthodontic forces.
Downloads
References
Roberts-Clark DJ. Smith AJ. Angiogenic growth factors in human dentin matrix. Arch Oral Biol 2000; 45; 1013 - 1016.
Derringer KA, Jaggers DJ, Linden RWA. Angiogenesis in human dental pulp following orthodontic tooth movement. J Dent Res 1996; 75: 1761 - 1766.
Stenvik A, Mjör IA. Pulp and dentin reaction to experimental tooth intrusion. A histologic study of the initial changes. Am J Orthod 1970; 57: 370 - 385.
McDonald F, Pittford TR. Blood flow changes in permanent maxillary canines during retractions. Eur J Orthod 1994; 16: 1 - 9.
Rowe AHR, Pittford TR. The assessment of pulpal vitality. Int Endod J 1990; 23: 77 - 83.
Baume LJ. 1980. The biology of the pulp and dentine. En: Myers HM. Monographs in oral science. Basel: Karger; 1980.
Yoshida S, Ohshima H. Distribution and organization of peripheral capillaries in dental pulp and their relationship to odontoblasts. Anat Rec 1996; 245: 313 - 326.
Lesot H, Begue-Kim C, Kubler MD, Meyer JM, Smith AJ, Cassidy N, Ruch JV. Experimental induction of odontoblast differentiation. Cell Mater 1993; 3: 201 - 217.
Jin H, Thomas HF, Chen J. Wound healing and revascularization: a histologic observation of experimental tooth root fracture. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Path Oral Rad Endod 1996; 81: 26 - 30.
Folkman J, Klagsbrun M. A family of angiogenic peptides. Nature 1987; 329: 671 - 672.
Folkman J, Klagsbrun M. Angiogenic factors. Science 1987; 235: 442 - 457.
Harik SI, Hritz MA, LaManna JC. Hypoxia induced brain angiogenesis in the adult rat. J Physiol 1995; 485: 525 - 530.
Rygh P, Bowling K, Hovlandsdal L, Williams S. Activation of the vascular system: a main mediator of periodontal fiber remodeling in orthodontic tooth movement. Am J Orthod 1986; 89: 453 - 468.
Mostaza YA. Iskander K, el-Mangoury NH. Iatrogenic pulpal reactions to orthodontic extrusion. Am J Ortho Dentofac Orthop 1991; 99: 30 - 34.
Derringer KA, Jaggers DJ. Linden RWA. Angiogenesis in human dental pulp following orthodontic tooth movement. J Dent Res 1996; 75: 1761 - 1766.
Davidovitch Z. Cell biology associated with orthodontic tooth movement. En: Berkovitz BKB, Moxham BJ, Newman HN. The periodontal in health and disease. 2nd ed. Orlando: Mosby Yearbook; 1995. p. 259 - 277.
Rygh P. Bowling K. Hovlandsdal L, Williams S. Activation of the vascular system: a main mediator of periodontal remodeling in orthodontic tooth movement. Am J Orthod 1986; 89: 453 -468.
Roberts WE, Ferguson D. Cell Kinetics of the periodontal ligament. En: Norton and Burstone, editors. The biology of tooth movement. London: CRC Press; 1989. p. 55 - 71.
Hamersky P, Weimar A, Taintor J. The effect of orthodontic force application on the pulpal tissue respiration rate in human premolar. Am J Orthod 1980; 77: 368 - 378.
Aisenberg MS. The tissues and changes involved in orthodontic tooth movements. Am J Orthod 1948; 34: 854 - 859.
Anstendig HS, Kronman JH. A histological study of pulpal reaction to orthodontic tooth movement in dogs. Angle Orthod 1972; 42: 50 - 55.
Guevara MH, McClugage SG. Effects of intrusive forces upon the microvasculature of the dental pulp. Angle Orthod 1980; 50: 129 - 134.
Nixon CE, Saviano JA, King GJ, Keeling SD. Histomorphometric study of dental pulp during orthodontic tooth movement. J Endod 1993; 17: 13 - 16.
Profitt WR, Fields HW. Contemporary orthodontics. St Louis: Mosby - year Book, 1993: 266 -281.
Mostafa YA, Iskander KG, El-Mangoury NH. Iatrogenic pulpar reactions to orthodontic extrusion. Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop 1991; 99: 30 - 34.
Turley PK, Joiner MW, Helistrom S. The effect of orthodontic extrusion on traumatically intruded teeth. Am J Orthod 1984; 85: 47 - 56.
Moss JP, Timms DJ. A histological investigation into the effects of rapid maxillary expansion on the teeth and their supporting tissues. Trans Eur Orthod Soc 1971: 263 - 271.
Hamilton RS, Gutmann JL. Endodontic - orthodontic relationships: a review of integrated treatment planning challenges. Int Endod J 1999; 32: 343 - 360.
Oppenheim A. Biologic orthodontic therapy and reality. Angle Orthod 1936; 6: 5 - 38.
Labart WA, Taintor JF, Diyer JK, Weimer AD. The effect of orthodontic forces on pulp respiration in the rat incisor. J Endod 1980; 6: 724 - 727.
Seltzer S, Bender IB. The dental pulp. 3rd edition. Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincot Company. 1984: 210 -211.
Bunner M, Johnson D. Quantitative assessment intrapulpar axon response to orthodontic movement. Am J Orthod 1982: 77: 368 - 378.
