BOND STRENGTH AND FAILURE MODE COMPARISON BETWEEN TWO ADHESIVE SYSTEMS FOR ORTHODONTICS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15332/us.v10i1.1147Keywords:
Dental etching, Dental materials, Orthodontic bracketsAbstract
Objective: To compare the bond strength and failure mode between total and self-etching systems used for brackets cementation.
Methods: Twenty human first premolars were randomly divided into two groups: 10 for the total etching system (Transbond™ XT, 3M Unitek, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA) and 10 for the self-etching system (Transbond™ Plus Self Etching Primer + Transbond™ XT, 3M Unitek, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA). Standard brackets (Ortho Organizers, California, USA) were cemented, and after 24 hours submitted to 5000 thermal cycles. Subsequently, shear bond strength tests were performed applying force at the bracket/enamel interphase using an universal testing machine (Instron®) at 1.5 mm/min crosshead speed. Finally, enamel surfaces and bracket bases were observed using a stereomicroscope (Stemi 2000C, Carl Zeiss, Göttingen, Germany).
Results: The results, in terms of bond strength, showed a statistical significant difference (p<0.05) between the two adhesive systems, presenting higher values the total-etching system (28,98MPa vs. 18,67MPa). The predominant failure modes presented for both systems were at the adhesive-enamel interphase (80% and 70%).
Conclusion: Bond strength and failure mode are influenced by the dental substrate pre-treatment and the chemical composition of the adhesive. Therefore, the in-vitro bond strength obtained when a self-etching system is used in orthodontics, produce enough micromechanical retention with lower risk of damage to the dental tissue.
Downloads
References
Buonocore MG. A simple method of increasing the adhesion of acrylic filling materials to enamel surfaces. J Dent Res 1955; 34: 849 – 853.
Powers JM, Sakaguchi RL. Craig´s Restorative Dental Materials. 12 Ed. St Louis: Mosbi Elsevier; 2006. p. 224 - 225.
Dorminey J, Dunn W, Taloumis L. Shear bond strength of orthodontic brackets bonded with a modified 1-step etchant -and- primer technique. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2003; 124: 410 – 413.
Argote C, Rodríguez H, Palau M. Comparación de la fuerza adhesiva de brackets cementados con una resina de fotocurado (Transbond XT con adhesivo MIP) utilizando dos concentraciones de ácido ortofosfórico: al 15% y al 37% [Trabajo de Grado]. Bogotá: Universidad Militar Nueva Granada-Fundación CIEO; 2000.
Saroğlu I, Aras S, Oztaş D. Effect of deproteinization on composite bond strength in hypocalcified amelogénesis imperfecta. Oral Dis 2006; 12: 305 – 358.
Espinosa R, Valencia R, Uribe M, Ceja I, Saadia M. Enamel deproteinization and its effect on acid etching: an In vitro study. J Clin Pediatr Dent 2008; 33: 13 – 19.
Yamada R, Hayakawa T, Kasai K. Effect of using self-etching primer for bonding orthodontic brackets. Angle Orthod 2002; 72: 558 – 564.
Kaaden C, Powers JM, Friedl KH, Schmalz G. Bond strength of self-etching adhesives to dental hard tissues. Clin Oral Investig 2002; 6: 155 – 160.
Hara AT, Amaral CM, Pimenta LA, Sinhoreti MA. Shear bond strength of hydrophilic adhesive systems to enamel. Am J Dent 1999; 12: 181 – 184.
Bishara SE, VonWald L, Laffoon JF, Warren JJ. Effect of a self-etch primer/adhesive on the shear bond strength of orthodontic brackets. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2001; 119: 621- 624.
Pashley DH, Tay FR. Aggressiveness of contemporary self-etching adhesives Part II: etching effects on unground enamel. Dent Mater 2001; 17: 430 – 444.
Murfitt PG, Quick AN, Swain MV, Herbison GP. A randomized clinical trial to investigate bond failure rates using a self-etching primer. Eur J Orthod 2006; 28: 444 – 449.
Kitayama S, Nikaido T, Ikeda M, Foxton RM, Tagami J. Enamel bonding of self-etch and phosphoric acid-etch orthodontic adhesive systems. Dent Mater J 2007; 26: 135 - 143.
Aljubouri YD, Millett DT, Gilmour WH. Laboratory evaluation of a self-etching primer for orthodontic bonding. Eur J Orthod 2003; 25: 411 - 415.
Shono Y, Terashita M, Pashley EL, Brewer PD, Pashley DH. Effects of cross-sectional area on resin-enamel tensile bond strength. Dent Mater 1997; 13: 290 – 296.
Arnold RW, Combe EC, Warford JH Jr. Bonding of stainless steel brackets to enamel with a new self-etching primer. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2002; 122: 274- 276.
Dorminey JC, Dunn WJ, Taloumis LJ. Shear bond strength of orthodontic brackets bonded with a modified 1-step etchant-and-primer technique. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2003; 124: 410 – 413.
Amaral F, Colucci V, Palma-Dibb R, Corona S. Assessment of In vitro methods used to promote adhesive interfase degradation: a critical review. J Esthet Restor Dent 2007; 19: 340 – 354.
Georgia’s Health Sciences University-School of Dentistry. Bond failure site analysis. January 2003.
Torii Y, Itou K, Hikasa R, Iwata S, Nishitani Y. Enamel tensile bond strength and morphology of resin-enamel interphase created by acid etching system with or without moisture and self-etching priming system. J Oral Rehabil 2002; 29: 528 - 533.
Oesterle LJ, Shellhart WC, Belanger GK. The use of bovine enamel in bonding studies. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 1998; 114: 514 – 519.
Posada M, Sánchez C, Gallego G, Vargas A, Restrepo L, López J. Dientes de bovino como sustituto de dientes humanos para su uso en odontología. Revisión de la literatura. Rev CES Odontol 2006; 16: 63 - 68.
Keizer S, ten Cate JM, Arends J. Direct bonding of orthodontic brackets. Am J Orthod 1976; 69: 318 – 327.
Pickett KL, Sadowsky PL, Jacobson A, Lacefield W. Orthodontic in vivo bond strength: comparison with in vitro results. Angle Orthod 2001; 71: 141 - 148.
Guan G, Takano-Yamamoto T, Miyamoto M, Hattori T, Ishikawa K, Suzuki K. Shear bond strengths of orthodontic plastic brackets. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthod 2000; 117: 438 – 443.
Grubisa HS, Heo G, Raboud D, Glover KE, Major PW. An evaluation and comparison of orthodontic bracket bond strengths achieved with self-etching primer. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2004; 126: 213 - 219.
Saito K, Sirirungrojying S, Meguro D, Hayakawa T, Kasai K. Bonding durability of using self-etching primer with 4-META / MMA-TBB resin cement to bond orthodontic brackets. Angle Orthod 2005; 75: 260 – 265.
Klocke A, Kahl-Nieke B. Influence of force location in orthodontic shear bond strength testing. Dent Mater 2005; 21: 391 - 396.
Rikuta A, Yoshida T, Tsubota K, Tsuchiya H, Tsujimoto A, Ota M, Miyazaki M. Influence of environmental conditions on orthodontic bracket bonding of self-etching systems. Dent Mater J 2008; 27: 654 - 659.
Maia SR, Cavalli V, Liporoni PC, do Rego MA. Influence of saliva contamination on the shear bond strength of orthodontic brackets bonded with self-etching adhesive systems. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2010; 138: 79 - 83.
