Relationship between the occlusal table width of molars and premolars and facial biotype
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15332/us.v24i2.3372Keywords:
Dental occlusion, Dental morphology, Facial biotype, OrthodonticsAbstract
Introduction: The width of the occlusal table of posterior teeth is a morphological characteristic related to occlusal function and stability. Its possible relationship with facial biotype may be relevant for orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning. Objective: To determine the relationship between the occlusal table width of molars and premolars and facial biotype in adult patients treated at the Orthodontics Clinic of Universidad Santo Tomás in Bucaramanga during the 2024–2026 period. Methods: An observational, cross-sectional study with a descriptive and correlational scope was conducted in 93 patients (20–44 years old). The width of the occlusal table of the teeth was determined using plaster study models, the facial biotype through Ricketts' VERT index, and the skeletal classification using Wits appraisal. Statistical analysis was performed using Stata 17.0; A p-value (p<0.05) was accepted as statistically significant for the bivariate analysis. Results: The highest mean occlusal table widths corresponded to the maxillary first molars: tooth 16 (6.02 ± 0.63 mm) and tooth 26 (6.17 ± 0.59 mm). Statistically significant differences by facial biotype were found for teeth 25 (p=0.034) and 26 (p=0.011). There were no significant differences by skeletal classification, nor significant correlations between age and occlusal table width. Sex-based differences were identified in all six maxillary posterior teeth. Conclusions: Occlusal table width varied according to the tooth evaluated and was associated with facial biotype in the left maxillary second premolar and first molar. These findings provide information on posterior morphological characteristics that may be considered a complementary element in orthodontic diagnosis.
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