Análisis de teoría de juegos en cadenas de suministros de dos niveles, productor-comprador, bajo esquema vendor managed inventory (vmi)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15332/iteckne.v9i1.2748Palabras clave:
Integración de la cadena de suministros, Teoría de juegos, Inventario administrado por el proveedor, VMIResumen
Durante la última década se han desarrollado una gran diversidad de modelos y estrategias de coordinación en cadenas de suministro, una de las cuales se denomina Vendor Managed Inventory (VMI). Pese a los esfuerzos por lograr una coordinación entre los actores, en algunas ocasiones sucede que cada uno conserva sus intereses o restricciones, lo que impediría la implementación de un acuerdo o estrategia integral de coordinación. Se analiza mediante teoría de juegos una cadena de suministros, compuesta por un productor (con tasa finita de producción) y un comprador (cuya demanda es una constante conocida), quienes han acordado una estrategia VMI bajo dos escenarios: VMI Cooperativo y VMI No Cooperativo. Se propone un modelo de negociación para el que el agente que gana en la negociación pueda incentivar económicamente al otro, quien pierde con el acuerdo, con el fin de que pueda adoptarlo. Se realiza un análisis de sensibilidad de los modelos planteados con el propósito de hallar los beneficios que los agentes pueden obtener en términos de ahorros en costos de inventarios y cómo son distribuidos entre dichos agentes. Los resultados del estudio mostraron que, bajo las condiciones y los parámetros establecidos, el modelo VMI Cooperativo siempre favoreció al productor, lo que no sucedió con el comprador. No obstante, fue posible que el comprador ganara con el modelo VMI Cooperativo en su punto óptimo o mediante el incentivo económico que proporciona el modelo de negociación.
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