Constitutive models applied during densification of coal-wood binary solid biofuels
Keywords:
Biomass, coal, constitutive models, densification, pellets, renewable energy
Abstract
An alternative to harness biomass resources for energy production is by producing solid biofuels. The final density and the durability of solid biofuels made of coal-sawdust mixtures vary depending upon characteristics such as the coal mass ratio in the mixture and the applied pressure. This work aims to evaluate the applicability that existing constitutive models, obtained from biofuels based on agricultural residues, have when using binary coal-sawdust mixtures of uniform particle size at different pressures. Unlike the Walker and Heckel model, the Kawakita model exhibited the best results fitting a coefficient of determination R2 greater than 0.95. This model allows to analyze the different pressures that should be employed to achieve solids with final densities above 900kgm-3, improving the design stage of manufacturing systems.
Downloads
Download data is not yet available.
References
[1] International Energy Agency, “CO2 emissions from fuel combustion ‘Highlights’,” Paris: International Energy Agency, Online Report, 2012.
[2] REN21, “Renewables 2013 Global Status Report,” Paris: Ren21 Secretariat, 2013.
[3] REN21, “Renewables 2012 Global Status Report,” Paris: Ren21 Secretariat, 2012.
[4] C. A, Forero, C. A. Guerrero and F. E. Sierra, “Producción y uso de pellets de biomasa para la generación de energía térmica: un revisión a los modelos del proceso de gasificación,” Revista Iteckne, vol. 9, No. 1, pp. 21-30, 2012.
[5] Z. Zhao and H. Yan, “Assessment of the biomass power generation industry in China,” Renewable Energy, vol. 37, pp. 53-60, 2012.
[6] C. A. Forero, J. U. Castellanos and F. E. Sierra, “Control de una planta prototipo de gasificación de biomasa mediante redes neuronales,” Ingeniería Mecánica Tecnología y Desarrollo, vol. 4, pp. 161-168, 2013.
[7] N. N. Mustafi, R. R. Raine and S. Verhelst, “Combustion and emissions characteristiccs of a dual fuel engine operated on alternative gaseous fuels,” Fuel, vol. 109, pp. 669 – 678, 2013.
[8] J. E. Arango, F. E. Sierra and V. Silva, “Análisis exploratorio de investigaciones sobre los motores de combustión interna que trabajan con biogas,” Revista Tecnura, vol. 18, pp. 152 – 164, 2014,
[9] B.B. Sahoo, N. Sahoo and U.K. Saha, “Effect of engine parameters and type of gaseous fuel on the performance of dual-fuel gas diesel engines - A critical review,” Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 13, pp. 1151 – 1184, , 2009.
[10] N. Kaliyan and R, Vance, “Factors affecting strength and durability of densified biomass products,” Biomass and Bioenergy, vol. 33, pp. 337-359, 2009.
[11] C. Erlich and T. H. Fransson, “Downdraft gasification of pellets made of wood, palm oil residues bagasse: Experimental study,” Applied Energy, vol. 88, pp. 899-908, 2011.
[12] K.N. Finney, V.N. Sharifi, and J. Swithenbank, “Combustion of sent mushroom compost and coal tailing pellets in a fluidised-bed,” Renewable Energy, vol. 34, pp. 860-868, 2009.
[13] C. Mandl, I. Obernberger, and F. Biedermann, “Modelling of an updraft fixed-bed gasifier operated with softwood pellets,” Fuel, vol. 89, pp. 3795 – 3806, 2010.
[14] Catharina Erlich, Emilia Björnbom, David Bolado, Marin Giner, and Torsten H. Fransson, “Pyrolysis and gasification of pellets from sugar cane bagasse and wood,” Fuel, vol. 85, pp. 1535–1540, 2006.
[15] M. Olsson, J. Kjällstrand, and G. Petersson, “Specific chimney emissions and biofuel characteristics of softwood pellets for residential heatig in Sweden,” Biomass and Bioenergy, vol. 24, pp. 51-57, 2003.
[16] C. Gilbe, M. Öhman, E. Lindström, D. Boström, R. Backman, R. Samuelsson and Jan Burvall, “Slagging characteristics during residential combustion of biomass pellets,” Energy & Fuels, vol. 22, pp. 3536-3543, 2008.
[17] Ingwald Obernberger and Gerold Thek, “Physical characterisation and chemical composition of densified biomass fuels with regard to their combustion behaviour,” Biomass and Bioenergy, vol. 27, pp. 653–669, 2004.
[18] S. Mani, L. G. Tabil and Shahab Sokhansanj, “Effects of compressive force, particle size and moisture content on mechanical properties of biomass pellets from grasses,” Biomass and Bioenergy, vol. 30, pp. 648-654, 2006.
[19] C. A. Forero, J. Jochum and F. E. Sierra, “Characterization and feasibility of biomass fuel pellets made of Colombian timber, coconut and oil palm residues, regarding European standards,” Environmental Biotechnology, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 67-76, 2012.
[20] C. Telmo and J. Lousada, “Heating values of wood pellets from different species,” Biomass and Bioenergy, vol. 35, pp. 2634-2639, 2011.
[21] Z. Liu, A. Quek, and R. Balasubramanian, “Preparation and characterization of fuel pellets from woody biomass, agro-residues and their corresponding hydrochars,” Applied Energy, vol. 113, pp. 1315-1322, 2014.
[22] W. Stelte, JK. Holm, AR Sanadi, S. Barsberg, J. Ahrenfeldt, U. Henriksen, “A study of bonding and failure mechanisms in fuel pellets from different biomass resources,” Biomass and Bioenergy, vol. 35, pp. 910-918, 2011.
[23] N. Kaliyan and R. Vance, “Constitutive model for densification of corn stover and switchgrass,” Biosystems engineering, vol. 104, pp. 47-63, 2009.
[24] P. Adapa, L. Tabil, and G. Schoenau, “Compression Characteristics of Selected Ground Agricultural Biomass,” Agricultural Engineering International: the CIGR Ejournal, vol. 11, p. Manuscript 1347, 2009.
[25] P.J. Denny, “Compaction equations: a comparisson of the heckel and Kawakita equatoins ,” Powder Technology, vol. 127, pp. 162-172, 2002.
[26] I. Janajreh and M. Al Sharah, “Numerical and experimental investigation of downdraft gasification of wood chips,” Energy Conversion and Management, vol. 65, pp. 783-792, 2013.
[2] REN21, “Renewables 2013 Global Status Report,” Paris: Ren21 Secretariat, 2013.
[3] REN21, “Renewables 2012 Global Status Report,” Paris: Ren21 Secretariat, 2012.
[4] C. A, Forero, C. A. Guerrero and F. E. Sierra, “Producción y uso de pellets de biomasa para la generación de energía térmica: un revisión a los modelos del proceso de gasificación,” Revista Iteckne, vol. 9, No. 1, pp. 21-30, 2012.
[5] Z. Zhao and H. Yan, “Assessment of the biomass power generation industry in China,” Renewable Energy, vol. 37, pp. 53-60, 2012.
[6] C. A. Forero, J. U. Castellanos and F. E. Sierra, “Control de una planta prototipo de gasificación de biomasa mediante redes neuronales,” Ingeniería Mecánica Tecnología y Desarrollo, vol. 4, pp. 161-168, 2013.
[7] N. N. Mustafi, R. R. Raine and S. Verhelst, “Combustion and emissions characteristiccs of a dual fuel engine operated on alternative gaseous fuels,” Fuel, vol. 109, pp. 669 – 678, 2013.
[8] J. E. Arango, F. E. Sierra and V. Silva, “Análisis exploratorio de investigaciones sobre los motores de combustión interna que trabajan con biogas,” Revista Tecnura, vol. 18, pp. 152 – 164, 2014,
[9] B.B. Sahoo, N. Sahoo and U.K. Saha, “Effect of engine parameters and type of gaseous fuel on the performance of dual-fuel gas diesel engines - A critical review,” Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 13, pp. 1151 – 1184, , 2009.
[10] N. Kaliyan and R, Vance, “Factors affecting strength and durability of densified biomass products,” Biomass and Bioenergy, vol. 33, pp. 337-359, 2009.
[11] C. Erlich and T. H. Fransson, “Downdraft gasification of pellets made of wood, palm oil residues bagasse: Experimental study,” Applied Energy, vol. 88, pp. 899-908, 2011.
[12] K.N. Finney, V.N. Sharifi, and J. Swithenbank, “Combustion of sent mushroom compost and coal tailing pellets in a fluidised-bed,” Renewable Energy, vol. 34, pp. 860-868, 2009.
[13] C. Mandl, I. Obernberger, and F. Biedermann, “Modelling of an updraft fixed-bed gasifier operated with softwood pellets,” Fuel, vol. 89, pp. 3795 – 3806, 2010.
[14] Catharina Erlich, Emilia Björnbom, David Bolado, Marin Giner, and Torsten H. Fransson, “Pyrolysis and gasification of pellets from sugar cane bagasse and wood,” Fuel, vol. 85, pp. 1535–1540, 2006.
[15] M. Olsson, J. Kjällstrand, and G. Petersson, “Specific chimney emissions and biofuel characteristics of softwood pellets for residential heatig in Sweden,” Biomass and Bioenergy, vol. 24, pp. 51-57, 2003.
[16] C. Gilbe, M. Öhman, E. Lindström, D. Boström, R. Backman, R. Samuelsson and Jan Burvall, “Slagging characteristics during residential combustion of biomass pellets,” Energy & Fuels, vol. 22, pp. 3536-3543, 2008.
[17] Ingwald Obernberger and Gerold Thek, “Physical characterisation and chemical composition of densified biomass fuels with regard to their combustion behaviour,” Biomass and Bioenergy, vol. 27, pp. 653–669, 2004.
[18] S. Mani, L. G. Tabil and Shahab Sokhansanj, “Effects of compressive force, particle size and moisture content on mechanical properties of biomass pellets from grasses,” Biomass and Bioenergy, vol. 30, pp. 648-654, 2006.
[19] C. A. Forero, J. Jochum and F. E. Sierra, “Characterization and feasibility of biomass fuel pellets made of Colombian timber, coconut and oil palm residues, regarding European standards,” Environmental Biotechnology, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 67-76, 2012.
[20] C. Telmo and J. Lousada, “Heating values of wood pellets from different species,” Biomass and Bioenergy, vol. 35, pp. 2634-2639, 2011.
[21] Z. Liu, A. Quek, and R. Balasubramanian, “Preparation and characterization of fuel pellets from woody biomass, agro-residues and their corresponding hydrochars,” Applied Energy, vol. 113, pp. 1315-1322, 2014.
[22] W. Stelte, JK. Holm, AR Sanadi, S. Barsberg, J. Ahrenfeldt, U. Henriksen, “A study of bonding and failure mechanisms in fuel pellets from different biomass resources,” Biomass and Bioenergy, vol. 35, pp. 910-918, 2011.
[23] N. Kaliyan and R. Vance, “Constitutive model for densification of corn stover and switchgrass,” Biosystems engineering, vol. 104, pp. 47-63, 2009.
[24] P. Adapa, L. Tabil, and G. Schoenau, “Compression Characteristics of Selected Ground Agricultural Biomass,” Agricultural Engineering International: the CIGR Ejournal, vol. 11, p. Manuscript 1347, 2009.
[25] P.J. Denny, “Compaction equations: a comparisson of the heckel and Kawakita equatoins ,” Powder Technology, vol. 127, pp. 162-172, 2002.
[26] I. Janajreh and M. Al Sharah, “Numerical and experimental investigation of downdraft gasification of wood chips,” Energy Conversion and Management, vol. 65, pp. 783-792, 2013.
Published
2014-12-31
How to Cite
Forero-Núñez, C., Camargo-Vargas, G., & Sierra-Vargas, F. (2014). Constitutive models applied during densification of coal-wood binary solid biofuels. ITECKNE, 11(2), 196-203. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.15332/iteckne.v11i2.733
Issue
Section
Research and Innovation Articles
