New elements of relativistic electrodynamics for generating useful work from permanent magnets: A review
Keywords:
Perpetual motion machine, Magnetic motor, Permanent magnets, Rotating electrical machines
Abstract
This document a review of new topics in relativistic electrodynamics oriented towards useful work by using permanent magnets. In this sense, we sought to establish the state of the art of Perpetual Motion Machines and Magnetic Motors as two types of systems that, given their similarities, serve as a starting point for elaborating of a methodology aimed at inferring the dynamic behavior of the torques in rotational systems based on magnetostatics interactions.
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References
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[24] K. Mandal, D. Pal, N. Scheerbaum, J. Lyubina, and O. Gutfleisch, “Magnetocaloric Effect in Ni– Mn–Ga Alloys,” IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, Volume 44, Issue 11, Part 1, pp. 2993-2996, Nov. 2008
[25] F. Shir, E. Della Torre, L. H. Bennett, C. Mavriplis, and R.D. Shull, “Modeling of magnetization and demagnetization in magnetic regenerative refrigeration,” IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, Volume 40, Issue 4, Part 2, pp. 2098-2100, Jul. 2004
[26] Z. Sun, I. Zaitsev, A. Dudarev, A. Foussat, V. Hennion, B. Levesy, M. Massinger et al., “ATLAS Barrel Toroid Warm Structure Design and Manufacturing,” IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, Volume 16, Issue 2, pp. 529-532, Jun. 2006
[27] G. Simon, “Diamagnetic Levitation: Flying frogs and floating Magnets,” Journal Applied Physics, Volume 87, no. 9, pp. 6200-6204, May. 2000
[28] W. Burger, “Móvil perpetuo,”. Investigación y Ciencia, no. 311, pp. 88-90, Ago. 2002
[29] A. Malet, “Renaissance notions of number and magnitude,” Historia Mathematica, vol. 33, no. 1, pp. 63-81, Feb. 2006
[30] M. Terrall, Vis Viva Revisited. History of Science, 42 (2), pp. 189-209, Jun. 2004
[31] N. E. Kanderakis, “When is a Physical Concept born? The Emergence of ‘Work’ as a Magnitude of Mechanics,” Science & Education, 19 (10), pp. 995-1012, 2010
[32] R. L. Coelho, “On the concept of energy: History and philosophy for science teaching,” Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 2648-2652, 2009
[33] N. Dehelean and E. Lovasz, ““Solar Mill” Engine,” Annals of DAAAM & Proceedings, pp. 975-976, Jan. 2009
[34] G. Shaviv, “Why the Kelvin–Helmholtz timescale is not really their timescale,” New Astronomy Reviews, vol. 51, no. 10, pp. 803-813, May 2008
[35] A. Klienert, “Wie funktionierte das Perpetuum mobile des Petrus Peregrinus,” NTM, vol 11. p. 155-170, 2003
[36] P. Valev, “The Law of Self-Acting Machines and Irreversible Processes with Reversible Replicas,” AIP Conference Proceedings, 643 (1), p. 430, 2002
[37] R. Silbey, P. Ao, G. P. Beretta, Y. Cengel et al., “Discussion on foundations on the second law. American Institute of Physics,” Meeting the Entropy Challenge, An International Thermodynamics Symposium, pp. 198-204, 2008
[38] O. R. Shenker, “Maxwell’s Demon and Baron Munchausen: Free Will as a Perpetuum Mobile,” Studies In History and Philosophy of Science Part B: Studies In History and Philosophy of Modern Physics, vol. 30, no. 3, pp. 347-372, Sep. 1999
[39] K. Silagadze, “Maxwell´s Demon Through The Looking Glass,” Acta Physica Polonica, 38 (1), pp. 101-126, 2007
[40] J. Faíz, J. W. Finch and H. M. B. Metwally, “A novel switched reluctance motor with multiple teeth per stator pole and comparison of such motors,” Electric Power Systems Research, vol. 34, pp. 197-203, 1995
[41] Patent Cooperation Treaty No.: WIPO 2006/045333 A1 - May. 2006
[42] United States Patent No.: 4.151.431 - Apr. 1979
[43] H. Torres-Silva, “Asymmetrical Chiral Gauging to Increase The Coefficient of Performance of Magnetic Motors,” Ingeniare. Revista chilena de ingeniería, 16 (1), pp. 60-64, 2008
[44] F. Ommi, and K. .Nekofar, “New Approaches to Equilibrium Thermodynamics,” International Journal of Pure & Applied Physics, 4 (1), pp. 53-63, 2008.
[45] S. L. Dubovsky and; S. M. Sibiryacov, “Spontaneous breaking of Lorentz invariance, black holes and perpetuum mobile of the 2nd kind,” Physics Letters B, no. 638. pp. 509-514, 2006
[46] P. Ivanov, “On the dynamics of exotic matter: Towards creation of Perpetuum Mobile of third kind,” Physics Letters B, pp. 212-216, Aug. 2009
[47] H. Arakida, “Influence of dark matter on light propagation in solar system,” Advances in Space Research, vol. 45, no. 8, pp. 1007-1014, Apr. 2010
[48] E. Elizalde, “Vacuum Fluctuations in Domains with Moving Boundaries and the Dark Energy Issue,” AIP Conference Proceedings, 1115 (1), pp. 123-128, 2009
[49] A. Bhattacharya, S. N. Banerjee, B. Chakrabarti, S. Banerjee and S. Mani, “On Some Properties of the vacuum energy of the Universe,” Modern Physics Letters A, 21 (37), pp. 2827-2831, 2006
[50] F. Bernardeau, “Dark energy, gravitational lensing and the formation of structure in the Universe,” Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, vol. 16, no. 4, pp. 493-503, May 200
[51] M. W. Evans, “The interaction in three fields in ECE theory: The inverse Faraday effect,” Physica B, 403, pp. 517-521, 2008
[52] G. W. Bruhn, “On the Non-Lorentz-Invariance of M.W. Evan´S O (3)-Symmetry Law,” Foundations of Physics, 38 (1), pp. 3-6, 2007
[53] G. W. Bruhn, F. W. Hehl and A. Jadczyk, “Comments On “Spin Connection Resonance in Gravitational General Relativity”,” Acta Physica Polonica B, 39 (1), pp. 51-58, 2008
[54] P.K. Anastasovski, “Development Of The Evans Wave Equation In The Weak Field Limit: The Electrogravitic Equation,” Foundations of Physics Letters, Volume 17, no. 5, pp. 497-501, 2004
[55] D. Schieber, “Considerations on armature reaction in unipolar induction systems,” Electrical Engineering (Archiv fur Elektrotechnik), 69 (3), pp. 175-184, 1986
[56] M. W. Evans, H. Eckardt, “Spin connection resonance in magnetic motors,” Physica B, vol. 400, pp. 175-179, 2007
[57] K. Jelinek, J. Pavlu, J. Havlica and J. Wild, “Experimental Test of the Evans’ B(3)-Field: Measuring the Interaction with Free Electrons,” Found Physics vol. 39, pp. 1191-1196, Oct. 2009
[2] Y. Öner, “A permanent magnet spherical rotor design and three dimensional static magnetic analysis,” Sensors and Actuators A: Physical, vol. 137, no. 2, 4, pp. 200-208, Jul. 2007
[3] N. Fujii, M. Chida and K. Ogawa, “Three dimensional force of magnet wheel with revolving permanent magnets,” IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, Volume 33, Issue 5, Part 2, pp. 4221-4223, Sept. 1997
[4] R. Ravaud, G. Lemarquand, V. Lemarquand and C. Depollier, “Analytical Calculation of the Magnetic Field Created by Permanent-Magnet Rings,” IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, Volume 44, Issue 8, pp. 1982-1989, Aug. 2008
[5] P. Quanling, S. M. McMurry and J. M. D. Coey, “Cylindrical permanent magnet structures using images in an iron shield,” IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, Volume 39, Issue 4, Part 2, pp. 1983-1989, July. 2003
[6] A. A. Kaufman, R. O. Hansen, and R. L. K. Kleinberg, “Main Magnetic Field of the Earth,” Methods in Geochemistry and Geophysics, vol. 42, pp. 147-183, 2008
[7] F. Herlach, “Laboratory electromagnets—from Oersted to megagauss,” Physica B: Condensed Matter, vol. 319, no. 1, pp. 321-329, Jul. 2002
[8] J.M.D Coey, “Magnetism in future,” Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, vol. 226, pp. 2107-2112, May 2001
[9] E. Cavicchi, “Nineteenth-Century Developments in Coiled Instruments and Experiences with Electromagnetic Induction,” Annals of Science, 63 (3), pp. 319-361, July. 2006
[10] P. Holland, and H. R. Brown, “The non-relativistic limits of the Maxwell and Dirac equations: the role of Galilean and gauge invariance,” Studies In History and Philosophy of Science Part B: Studies In History and Philosophy of Modern Physics, vol. 34, no. 2, pp. 161-187, Jun. 2003
[11] J. C. Maxwell, “A Dynamical Theory of the Electromagnetic Field,” Royal Society Transactions 155, pp. 459-512, 1865
[12] J. C. Maxwell, “On Physical Lines On Force”, Philosophical Magazine and Journal of Science, Fourh series, pp. 162-174, 1861
[13] M. Morrison, “A study in theory unification: The case of Maxwell’s electromagnetic theory,” Studies In History and Philosophy of Science, vol. 23, no. 1, pp. 103-145, Mar. 1992
[14] P. E. Valivach, “Basic Stages of the History of Electrical Engineering and Possible Prospects for Its Development,” Russian Electrical Engineering, 80 (6), pp. 350-358, 2009
[15] S. Šarboh, “The patents of Nikola Tesla,” World Patent Information, vol. 32, no. 4, pp. 335-339, Dec. 2010
[16] G. K. Kalokiris, A. G. Kladas, I. K. Hatzilau, S. Cofinas, and I. K. Gyparis, “Advances in magnetic materials and their impact on electric machine design,” Journal of Materials Processing Technology, vol. 181, no. 1, pp. 148-152, Jan. 2007
[17] H. P. Joon and S. B. Yoon, “Design and Analysis of a Maglev Planar Transportation Vehicle,” IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, Volume 44, Issue 7, Part 1, pp 1830-1836, Jul. 2008
[18] K. T. Yeou, and T.C. Wang, “Optimal design of the electromagnetic levitation with permanent and electro magnets,” IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, Volume 30, Issue 6, Part 1-2, pp. 4731- 4733, Nov. 1994
[19] K. Sawada, “Development of magnetically levitated high speed transport system in Japan,” IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, Volume 32, Issue 4, Part 1, pp. 2230-2235, Jul. 1996
[20] W. L. Hyung, Ch. Ki, L. Ju, “Review of maglev train technologies,” IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, Volume 42, Issue 7, pp. 1917-1925, Jul. 2006
[21] R. Law, R. Sbiaa, T. Liew, T.C. Chong, “Magnetoresistance and Switching Properties of Co–Fe/ Pd-Based Perpendicular Anisotropy Single- and Dual-Spin Valves,” IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, Volume 44, Issue 11, Part 1, pp. 2612- 2615, Nov. 2008
[22] D. De Cos, J. M. Barandiaran, A. Garcia-Arribas, V. O. Vaskovskiy, G. V. Kurlyandskaya, “Longitudinal and Transverse Magnetoimpedance in FeNi/Cu/FeNi Multilayers With Longitudinal and Transverse Anisotropy,” IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, Volume 44, Issue 11, Part 2, pp. 3863-3866. Nov. 2008
[23] Ch. Yuan-Tsung, S. U. Jen, Y. D. Yao and S. R. Jian, “Magnetostriction and Tunneling Magnetoresistance Junctions,” IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, Volume 44, Issue 11, Part 1, pp. 2592- 2594, Nov. 2008
[24] K. Mandal, D. Pal, N. Scheerbaum, J. Lyubina, and O. Gutfleisch, “Magnetocaloric Effect in Ni– Mn–Ga Alloys,” IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, Volume 44, Issue 11, Part 1, pp. 2993-2996, Nov. 2008
[25] F. Shir, E. Della Torre, L. H. Bennett, C. Mavriplis, and R.D. Shull, “Modeling of magnetization and demagnetization in magnetic regenerative refrigeration,” IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, Volume 40, Issue 4, Part 2, pp. 2098-2100, Jul. 2004
[26] Z. Sun, I. Zaitsev, A. Dudarev, A. Foussat, V. Hennion, B. Levesy, M. Massinger et al., “ATLAS Barrel Toroid Warm Structure Design and Manufacturing,” IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, Volume 16, Issue 2, pp. 529-532, Jun. 2006
[27] G. Simon, “Diamagnetic Levitation: Flying frogs and floating Magnets,” Journal Applied Physics, Volume 87, no. 9, pp. 6200-6204, May. 2000
[28] W. Burger, “Móvil perpetuo,”. Investigación y Ciencia, no. 311, pp. 88-90, Ago. 2002
[29] A. Malet, “Renaissance notions of number and magnitude,” Historia Mathematica, vol. 33, no. 1, pp. 63-81, Feb. 2006
[30] M. Terrall, Vis Viva Revisited. History of Science, 42 (2), pp. 189-209, Jun. 2004
[31] N. E. Kanderakis, “When is a Physical Concept born? The Emergence of ‘Work’ as a Magnitude of Mechanics,” Science & Education, 19 (10), pp. 995-1012, 2010
[32] R. L. Coelho, “On the concept of energy: History and philosophy for science teaching,” Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 2648-2652, 2009
[33] N. Dehelean and E. Lovasz, ““Solar Mill” Engine,” Annals of DAAAM & Proceedings, pp. 975-976, Jan. 2009
[34] G. Shaviv, “Why the Kelvin–Helmholtz timescale is not really their timescale,” New Astronomy Reviews, vol. 51, no. 10, pp. 803-813, May 2008
[35] A. Klienert, “Wie funktionierte das Perpetuum mobile des Petrus Peregrinus,” NTM, vol 11. p. 155-170, 2003
[36] P. Valev, “The Law of Self-Acting Machines and Irreversible Processes with Reversible Replicas,” AIP Conference Proceedings, 643 (1), p. 430, 2002
[37] R. Silbey, P. Ao, G. P. Beretta, Y. Cengel et al., “Discussion on foundations on the second law. American Institute of Physics,” Meeting the Entropy Challenge, An International Thermodynamics Symposium, pp. 198-204, 2008
[38] O. R. Shenker, “Maxwell’s Demon and Baron Munchausen: Free Will as a Perpetuum Mobile,” Studies In History and Philosophy of Science Part B: Studies In History and Philosophy of Modern Physics, vol. 30, no. 3, pp. 347-372, Sep. 1999
[39] K. Silagadze, “Maxwell´s Demon Through The Looking Glass,” Acta Physica Polonica, 38 (1), pp. 101-126, 2007
[40] J. Faíz, J. W. Finch and H. M. B. Metwally, “A novel switched reluctance motor with multiple teeth per stator pole and comparison of such motors,” Electric Power Systems Research, vol. 34, pp. 197-203, 1995
[41] Patent Cooperation Treaty No.: WIPO 2006/045333 A1 - May. 2006
[42] United States Patent No.: 4.151.431 - Apr. 1979
[43] H. Torres-Silva, “Asymmetrical Chiral Gauging to Increase The Coefficient of Performance of Magnetic Motors,” Ingeniare. Revista chilena de ingeniería, 16 (1), pp. 60-64, 2008
[44] F. Ommi, and K. .Nekofar, “New Approaches to Equilibrium Thermodynamics,” International Journal of Pure & Applied Physics, 4 (1), pp. 53-63, 2008.
[45] S. L. Dubovsky and; S. M. Sibiryacov, “Spontaneous breaking of Lorentz invariance, black holes and perpetuum mobile of the 2nd kind,” Physics Letters B, no. 638. pp. 509-514, 2006
[46] P. Ivanov, “On the dynamics of exotic matter: Towards creation of Perpetuum Mobile of third kind,” Physics Letters B, pp. 212-216, Aug. 2009
[47] H. Arakida, “Influence of dark matter on light propagation in solar system,” Advances in Space Research, vol. 45, no. 8, pp. 1007-1014, Apr. 2010
[48] E. Elizalde, “Vacuum Fluctuations in Domains with Moving Boundaries and the Dark Energy Issue,” AIP Conference Proceedings, 1115 (1), pp. 123-128, 2009
[49] A. Bhattacharya, S. N. Banerjee, B. Chakrabarti, S. Banerjee and S. Mani, “On Some Properties of the vacuum energy of the Universe,” Modern Physics Letters A, 21 (37), pp. 2827-2831, 2006
[50] F. Bernardeau, “Dark energy, gravitational lensing and the formation of structure in the Universe,” Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, vol. 16, no. 4, pp. 493-503, May 200
[51] M. W. Evans, “The interaction in three fields in ECE theory: The inverse Faraday effect,” Physica B, 403, pp. 517-521, 2008
[52] G. W. Bruhn, “On the Non-Lorentz-Invariance of M.W. Evan´S O (3)-Symmetry Law,” Foundations of Physics, 38 (1), pp. 3-6, 2007
[53] G. W. Bruhn, F. W. Hehl and A. Jadczyk, “Comments On “Spin Connection Resonance in Gravitational General Relativity”,” Acta Physica Polonica B, 39 (1), pp. 51-58, 2008
[54] P.K. Anastasovski, “Development Of The Evans Wave Equation In The Weak Field Limit: The Electrogravitic Equation,” Foundations of Physics Letters, Volume 17, no. 5, pp. 497-501, 2004
[55] D. Schieber, “Considerations on armature reaction in unipolar induction systems,” Electrical Engineering (Archiv fur Elektrotechnik), 69 (3), pp. 175-184, 1986
[56] M. W. Evans, H. Eckardt, “Spin connection resonance in magnetic motors,” Physica B, vol. 400, pp. 175-179, 2007
[57] K. Jelinek, J. Pavlu, J. Havlica and J. Wild, “Experimental Test of the Evans’ B(3)-Field: Measuring the Interaction with Free Electrons,” Found Physics vol. 39, pp. 1191-1196, Oct. 2009
Published
2011-06-30
How to Cite
Galindo Palacio, A., Acevedo Alvarez, C., & Delgado Trejos, E. (2011). New elements of relativistic electrodynamics for generating useful work from permanent magnets: A review. ITECKNE, 8(1), 70-78. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.15332/iteckne.v8i1.265
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